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Third Exposure to a Reduced Carbohydrate Meal Lowers Evening Postprandial Insulin and GIP Responses and HOMA-IR Estimate of Insulin Resistance
Author’s abstract: Background Postprandial hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and insulin resistance increase the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease mortality. Postprandial hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia also occur in metabolically healthy subjects consuming high-carbohydrate diets particularly after evening meals and when carbohydrate loads follow acute exercise. We hypothesized the involvement of dietary carbohydrate load, especially when […] Read More
Energy expenditure and body composition changes after an isocaloric ketogenic diet in overweight and obese men
Author’s abstract: Background: The carbohydrate–insulin model of obesity posits that habitual consumption of a high-carbohydrate diet sequesters fat within adipose tissue because of hyperinsulinemia and results in adaptive suppression of energy expenditure (EE). Therefore, isocaloric exchange of dietary carbohydrate for fat is predicted to result in increased EE, increased fat oxidation, and loss of body […] Read More
Comparison of the DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) diet and a higher-fat DASH diet on blood pressure and lipids and lipoproteins: a randomized controlled trial
Author’s abstract: Background: The DASH (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) dietary pattern, which is high in fruit, vegetables, and low-fat dairy foods, significantly lowers blood pressure as well as low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Objective: The study was designed to test the effects of substituting full-fat for low-fat dairy foods in the […] Read More
Dietary Intervention for Overweight and Obese Adults: Comparison of Low-Carbohydrate and Low-Fat Diets. A Meta-Analysis.
Author’s Abstract: BACKGROUND: Reduced calorie, low fat diet is currently recommended diet for overweight and obese adults. Prior data suggest that low carbohydrate diets may also be a viable option for those who are overweight and obese. PURPOSE: Compare the effects of low carbohydrate versus low fats diet on weight and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk […] Read More
Intake of saturated and trans unsaturated fatty acids and risk of all cause mortality, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Author’s Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To systematically review associations between intake of saturated fat and trans unsaturated fat and all cause mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and associated mortality, coronary heart disease (CHD) and associated mortality, ischemic stroke, and type 2 diabetes. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES: Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials, Evidence-Based […] Read More
Weight Loss on Low-Fat vs. Low-Carbohydrate Diets by Insulin Resistance Status Among Overweight Adults and Adults With Obesity: A Randomized Pilot Trial
Author’s abstract: Objective: To test for differential weight loss response to low-fat (LF) vs. low-carbohydrate (LC) diets by insulin resistance status with emphasis on overall quality of both diets. Methods: Sixty-one adults, BMI 28-40 kg/m2, were randomized in a 2 3 2 design to LF or LC by insulin resistance status in this pilot study. […] Read More
Evidence from randomised controlled trials did not support the introduction of dietary fat guidelines in 1977 and 1983: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Author’s abstract: Objectives National dietary guidelines were introduced in 1977 and 1983, by the US and UK governments, respectively, with the ambition of reducing coronary heart disease (CHD) by reducing fat intake. To date, no analysis of the evidence base for these recommendations has been undertaken. The present study examines the evidence from randomised controlled […] Read More
Comparison of low- and high-carbohydrate diets for type 2 diabetes management: a randomized trial
This abstract is available at Pubmed.gov: OBJECTIVE: To comprehensively compare the effects of a very low-carbohydrate, high-unsaturated/low-saturated fat diet (LC) with those of a high-unrefined carbohydrate, low-fat diet (HC) on glycemic control and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Obese adults (n = 115, BMI 34.4 ± […] Read More
Exploring the relationship between preferences for high fat foods and efficacy of the ketogenic and modified Atkins diets among children with seizure disorders
This abstract is available at Pubmed.gov: PURPOSE: Previous research has indicated that children with seizures may prefer high fat foods – a preference compatible with ketogenic and modified Atkins dietary therapies. The purpose of this prospective study was to examine the relationship between fat preference and efficacy of therapeutic diets in treating intractable seizures among […] Read More
Ketogenic diet in pediatric patients with refractory focal status epilepticus
This abstract is published on Pubmed.gov: The ketogenic diet (KD) has been used as an alternative treatment for patients with refractory status epilepticus (SE). PURPOSE: In this retrospective study we assess the efficacy and tolerability of the KD in patients with refractory SE. METHODS: Between March 1, 2010 and January 1, 2014, 10 patients who […] Read More